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Madeleine de Scudéry was the younger sister of dramatist Georges de Scudéry. She wrote numerous lengthy novels under the pseudonym of ‘Sapho’ and under her own name. Establishing herself in Paris with her brother, she was at once admitted to the Hôtel de Rambouillet coterie. Later she established her own salon in Paris, Salon de Samedi which became a gathering point for French intellectuals, artists, and members of the nobility.
Controversial in her own era, Mlle de Scudéry was satirized by Molière in his plays Les Précieuses ridicules (1659) and Les Femmes savantes (1672) and by Antoine Furetière in his Roman Bourgeois (1666). The 19th century German short-story writer E.T.A. Hoffmann wrote what is usually referred to as the first German-language detective story, featuring Scudéry as the central figure. "Das Fräulein von Scuderi" (Mademoiselle de Scudery) is still widely read today, and is the origin of the "Cardillac syndrome" in psychology.
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